Dialysis Technician Practice Exam

What condition can arise from using the subclavian vein for catheter placement?

1. Central Venous Stenosis

2. Deep Vein Thrombosis

3. Pulmonary Embolism

4. Arteriovenous Fistula

The correct answer is: Central Venous Stenosis

Using the subclavian vein for catheter placement can lead to central venous stenosis. This condition occurs when there is a narrowing of the central veins, often as a consequence of repeated or prolonged catheter use in that area. The presence of a catheter can irritate the vein's inner lining, leading to inflammation and scar formation, which can narrow the lumen of the vein. Over time, this can compromise blood flow and potentially result in complications, such as difficulty in accessing the vein in future procedures. Central venous stenosis is a significant concern for dialysis patients who require long-term vascular access, as it may necessitate alternative access sites or surgical intervention to correct the stenosis, impacting treatment efficacy and patient comfort. While deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism are also potential risks associated with central access, they are not direct outcomes of catheter placement in the subclavian vein specifically in the same context as central venous stenosis. An arteriovenous fistula is a different type of vascular access procedure, typically not related to catheter placement in the subclavian vein.