Dialysis Technician Practice Exam

What condition involves the breakdown of red blood cells along with a loss of hemoglobin and potassium?

1. Hemolysis

2. Hemoconcentration

3. Anemia

4. Leukopenia

The correct answer is: Hemolysis

Hemolysis refers to the process where red blood cells are destroyed prematurely, leading to the release of hemoglobin into the bloodstream. This breakdown can result from various factors, including autoimmune disorders, infections, or certain medications. In the context of hemolysis, the loss of hemoglobin occurs as red blood cells rupture, which directly affects the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. Along with hemoglobin, potassium is also released from the red blood cells into the circulation. This elevated potassium level can lead to hyperkalemia, a condition characterized by high potassium levels in the blood, which poses significant health risks, particularly for the heart. Understanding hemolysis is critical for dialysis technicians, as recognizing signs of increased hemolysis can help in managing patients with kidney issues or those undergoing dialysis, where electrolyte balance is crucial. The other conditions listed do not involve the breakdown of red blood cells or the simultaneous release of hemoglobin and potassium as seen in hemolysis.