Dialysis Technician Practice Exam

What factor will most significantly increase the diffusion of solutes across a semi-permeable membrane during dialysis?

1. Temperature

2. Surface Area

3. High Concentration Gradient

4. Time of exposure

The correct answer is: High Concentration Gradient

The most significant factor that will increase the diffusion of solutes across a semi-permeable membrane during dialysis is the high concentration gradient. In dialysis, diffusion is driven by the difference in concentration of solutes on either side of the membrane. When there is a larger difference in concentration (a steep gradient), solutes move more rapidly from the area of higher concentration to the area of lower concentration in an attempt to reach equilibrium. This process is essential for effective removal of waste products from the blood in dialysis treatment. While other factors such as temperature, surface area, and time of exposure can influence diffusion rates, none are as pivotal as the concentration gradient when it comes to the fundamental driving force behind the movement of solutes. A higher concentration gradient directly correlates to increased flux, making it a key aspect in the efficiency of dialysis.