Dialysis Technician Practice Exam

What is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease for adults in the U.S.?

1. Hypertension

2. Diabetes

3. Glomerulonephritis

4. Polycystic kidney disease

The correct answer is: Diabetes

The leading cause of chronic kidney disease among adults in the U.S. is diabetes. This condition affects the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels, leading to consistently high blood sugar over time. Chronic hyperglycemia can damage blood vessels in the kidneys, impairing their function and eventually leading to kidney failure. Research has shown that diabetes contributes significantly to the development of kidney disease due to the complex interplay between glucose metabolism and kidney health. Additionally, the prevalence of diabetes in the U.S. continues to rise, further solidifying its position as the most common cause of chronic kidney disease. Hypertension is also a major factor in kidney disease but is more often seen as a complication arising from diabetes rather than a primary cause. Glomerulonephritis and polycystic kidney disease, while important kidney-related conditions, occur less frequently compared to the widespread nature and impact of diabetes. Thus, the distinction of diabetes as the leading cause highlights the importance of managing blood sugar levels to prevent kidney damage.