Dialysis Technician Practice Exam

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What is the term for low potassium levels in the blood?

Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia

The correct answer is: Hypokalemia

Low potassium levels in the blood are referred to as hypokalemia. Potassium is a crucial electrolyte that plays a vital role in various bodily functions, including muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and maintaining fluid balance. When potassium levels are below the normal range, it can lead to several complications, such as muscle weakness, cramps, and disturbances in heart rhythms. The term derives from "hypo," meaning low, and "kalemia," which denotes the presence of potassium in the blood. This distinction is essential in medical terminology to avoid confusion with conditions such as hyperkalemia, which indicates elevated potassium levels. Understanding these terms is crucial for diagnosing and managing electrolyte imbalances in patients, particularly those undergoing dialysis or with kidney-related issues, as they can profoundly affect treatment outcomes.