Dialysis Technician Practice Exam

What process occurs when molecules of dissolved solute are actively moved along?

1. Diffusion

2. Absorption

3. Convection

4. Evaporation

The correct answer is: Convection

The process being described, where molecules of dissolved solute are actively moved along, aligns with convection. Convection refers to the movement of molecules within fluids (liquids and gases) where warmer areas move up and cooler areas move down, creating a flow that facilitates the distribution of solutes. In biological systems, this is crucial in maintaining homeostasis and ensuring nutrients and waste products are effectively transported. Active movement suggests a mechanism that involves energy input, as in the case of convection, where the movement relies on differences in temperature and pressure within the medium. This is particularly important in dialysis, where the movement of solutes is necessary to ensure efficient treatment. The other processes, while related to the movement of molecules, do not involve the active transport mechanism described in the question. Diffusion involves passive movement along a concentration gradient without energy input, absorption is the process of one substance taking up another, and evaporation is a phase change process. Understanding these distinctions is essential for grasping the broader concepts within dialysis and fluid dynamics.